Marwan HASSINI will defend his PhD on February 15th, 2024 at 10AM.
Place : Université Gustave Eiffel - Campus de Lyon, 25 Av. François Mitterrand, 69500 Bron
Jury :
Rapporteurs :
M. Christophe FORGEZ, Professeur des Universités, Université de Technologie de Compiègne
M. Jean-Michel VINASSA , Professeur des Universités, INP de Bordeaux
Examinateurs :
Mme Marie-Cécile PERA, Professeure des Universités, Université de FrancheComté
Mme Marie-Ange RAULET, Maître de Conférences HDR, Université Lyon 1
Encadrement :
M. Pascal VENET , Professeur des Universités, Université Lyon 1
M. Eduardo REDONDO-IGLESIAS, Ingénieur de Recherche, Université Gustave Eiffel Lyon
Invité:
M. Serge PELISSIER, Université Gustave Eiffel
Abstract :
Electric mobility is now an industrial and social reality, made possible by advances in battery technology. To ensure its sustainability, several aspects need to be improved.
One of these is the cost and environmental impact of batteries. The need for raw materials, combined with the environmental impact of extracting and processing them, may call into question the sustainability of electric mobility. Extending the life of batteries by reusing them for a second purpose could be one way of reducing their cost and impact. Reducing battery size is another possible solution. However, an electric vehicle powered by a smaller battery will have a limited range. To enable the deployment of such vehicles, a finely meshed recharging infrastructure needs to be deployed. The cost and environmental impact associated with an increase in the number of charging stations is another point of concern. The utilization rate of fixed charging stations already deployed is limited due to vehicles occupying these stations without charging. To alleviate this problem, it may be desirable to set up mobile charging stations that can move from one vehicle to another when a charge is complete.
The aim of the thesis is to facilitate the deployment of second-life batteries in mobile charging infrastructures. It is part of the BAROM project, part of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes Region’s Ambition Research Pack. The work carried out revolves around two major research questions: which batteries to select for a second life, and how best to use them?
Characterization work has enabled us to assess the performance of several batteries from electric vehicles. This study, together with a review of the state of the art on the performance of such batteries, showed that an automotive end-of-life based on a fixed capacity threshold was not very relevant. A definition based on usage requirements is to be preferred. A rapid characterization methodology is also presented, making it possible to determine in just a few minutes whether a battery is eligible for a second life. Finally, a data analysis procedure for assessing possible uses for reuse is described. This work has shown that second-life batteries can be used to power vehicle charging applications.
The ageing study carried out in this thesis determined the rate of degradation of second-life batteries in a mobile charging station. Particular attention was paid to the influence of temperature on aging. This experimental work, together with a review of the state of the art, showed that batteries can be reused several thousand cycles in a second life. The influence of dispersion and degraded cells on the performance of a mobile charging station was the subject of a modeling study. Limiting the dispersion of cells within a battery was identified as an important issue in ensuring the viability of reuse.
Keywords: Lithium-ion Batteries, Second Life Batteries, Circular economy, Electric Vehicle, Charging, Tests, Modelling.